Pre-Modern vs Modern

Pre-Modern
- Absolute Truth
- Proper cultural practices and universal beliefs
- Humans are rational, integral, self-aware, present
- Providential design
- God and Faith
- Enlightenment, promised scientific domination of nature
     - to protect us from calamity, democracy, justice, liberty

Modern
- Perspectice
- Ethnology - cultural practices - variant and situational
- Freud and the Unconscious human
     - not wholly rational, integral, self-aware, and self-present
- Darwin/Natural Selection
     - imperfect, 1/2 human, 1/2 animal
- Skepticism/ uncertainty
     - systems of beliefs no longer helps make sense
- Enlightenment ideas delivered, science invented, means warfare and genocide
     - Domination of nature, environmental destruction
- Democracy threatened to yield to facism/ totalitarianism
- Capitalism exploited workers
- Rebelled societal norms